November 2023

The built environment accounts for 39 per cent of gross annual carbon emissions worldwide. How to account for embodied carbon emissions Operational emissions – for example from the electricity it takes to heat or cool buildings – account for some built environment emissions. But embodied carbon emissions also contribute a significant proportion. They are carbon emissions caused by construction as well as the extraction, manufacture and transportation of construction materials. Replacing an energy-inefficient old building could reduce operational emissions but add to embodied carbon emissions. And balancing that equation can be challenging, as calculating embodied carbon emissions involves uncertainties. Different databases give different values for embodied carbon coefficients, which represent the amount of carbon emitted per unit of material. But experts can help navigate this uncertainty. “We all have to commit to transparency in our approaches to embodied carbon calculations. We need to share data sources, and methodologies and assumptions used in our calculations. And only then can we foster trust and comparability so that we can ultimately reduce embodied carbon,” said Dr James Helal, Lecturer in Sustainable Structural Design and Assistant Dean (Sustainability) at the University of Melbourne. Designing new buildings to minimise carbon emissions “To reach our net zero emission goals, we must reshape the way we think about buildings. They’re not just shelters. They’re living, breathing entities that should be designed and operated with a clear understanding of their impact on our ecosystem,” said Dr Behzad Rismanchi, Senior Lecturer in the Department of Infrastructure Engineering at the University of Melbourne. Specifying carbon targets, including embodied carbon, and engaging with engineers or sustainability consultants early is crucial. “Optimisation [of building designs] can only take us so far,” said Environmental Designer Lucy Marsland from Atelier Ten. Applying circular economy principles to building design will inherently achieve decarbonisation. “Circular economy at its heart aims to keep […]